An extensive network of local and state-level resorts operates in Ukraine. Their development is inseparably connected with the rational use of the natural territories around them. These territories encompass mineral and thermal water springs, curative mud and ozokerite, the brine of estuaries and lakes, sea area, landscape, and other conditions favorable for treatment, medical rehabilitation, and the preventing of diseases.
The majority of resorts are situated in Crimea, especially along the southern coast (Alupka, Alushta, Miskhor, Yalta, Gaspra, Koreiz, Koktebel, Evpatoriya, Saki, and others).
The Zakarpatye region can also be considered a pearl of Ukraine. Climatic factors here are successfully combined with different mineral waters and a clean environment, and people enjoy this at the resorts of Soymy, Kvasy, Polyana, Golubine, and Shayan. Mineral waters are the main curative factor of Zakarpatye. Both natural mineral water springs and wells of mineral water of different chemical composition can be found here. Svalyava, Rakhov, Khust, and Tyachev districts are the richest in mineral waters. Resorts of Polyana, Golubine, Sinyak, Soymy, and Shayan as well as rest houses operate on the basis of mineral water large deposits.
The mountain and piedmont districts of Ivano-Frankovsk and Lvov regions are considered developed resort regions. Mineral waters and curative muds constitute the medicinal resources of these territories. Drogobychskiy, Busskiy, Sokolovskiy, Striyskiy, and Gorodetskiy districts of Lvov region and Rogatinskiy district of Ivano-Frankovsk region are the richest districts in mineral waters.
There are sodium chloride (Verkhovinskiy, Rozhgyativskiy districts), carbonate mineral waters with low mineralization, and the Naftusya type (Sheshoriv) in the mountainous part of Ivano-Frankovsk region, sodium chloride and calcium sodium waters in Prikarpatye (Dolina, Kalush, Kosmach, and Kosov), and iodine bromine and sulphide waters in the flat part of the region.
Truskavets resort applies brine mineral waters along with Naftusya water in curative and sanitation practice. The resorts of Lyuben Velikiy, Nemirov, and Cherche successfully apply sulphide mineral waters of Matsesta type and peat muds of Cherche and Lyuben Velikiy deposits in sanatorium and resort treatment.
The resorts of littoral regions are well-known for their curative resources (Odessa, Zatoka, Karolino-Bugaz, Koblevo, Ochakov, Skadovsk, Berdyansk, Primorsk, and Kirilovka).
Donetsk region is famous with such resorts as Slovyanogorsk, Novoazovsk, and Urzuf. Ferriferous waters from Slovyanogorsk spring are successfully used to treat iron deficit anemia in Slovyanogorsk resort. Besides, a group of salt lakes of karst origin, the so called Slovyanskie lakes, are located in Donetsk region. Lake brine by its chemical composition is close to sodium chloride waters and contains sulphates. The curative characteristics of Slovyanskie lakes’ mud have been known since the first half of XIX century. Curative silt muds on these lakes and highly mineralized brines of sodium and chloride content (with mineralization of 130-140 g/l) are used for so called diluted mud baths. Salt caves situated in the towns of Solevar and Artemovsk are also used as medicinal establishments.
Currently there are 3,245 sanatorium, resort, and rehabilitation facilities in Ukraine, including 465 sanatoria (173 for children), 59 curative boarding houses, 291 preventing sanatoria, 321 rest houses, 2,052 rest bases and other resort establishments, as well as 57 rest houses for one or two days’ stay (See Figure 1).
Starting from 1999, Ukraine has observed a stable growth in the number of citizens preferring organized rehabilitation and rest. In particular, 3.3 mn vacationers were rehabilitated in sanatoria and resort establishments over October 2004 – September 2005. At the same time, the resort and recreational potential is much higher. Resort establishments of Ukraine are able to annually accept 2.5 times more visitors.
Recreational facilities are located in the territory of Ukraine unevenly: their major part is located in Crimea, Azov and Black Sea, and Carpathian regions. Approximately 70% of all sanatoria, resort, and rehabilitation establishments are placed there.
The total capacity of Ukraine’s rehabilitation facilities amounts to 483 ths. places, including 51% coming for rest bases and other resort facilities, 27% - for sanatoria, and 14% for rest houses and boarding houses. The following regions are among the leaders by capacity: Autonomous Republic of Crimea (127.2 ths. places or 26.4% of the total number), Donetsk region (54.1 ths. people or 11.2%), Odessa region (52.6 ths. people or 11%), Kherson region (35.2 ths. places or 7.3%), as well as Zaporozhye region, and Nikolayev region, each with more than 28 ths. places or 5.9%.
Traditionally, the resorts of Crimea, Donetsk, Lvov, Odessa, Zaporozhye, and Kherson regions top the rating by number of vacationers (see Figure 2). Specifically, in 2005 there were 49 tourists in Crimea, and 12-17 vacationers in Kherson, Zaporozhye, and Nikolayev regions for each 100 regular inhabitants.
The increase in the number of foreign tourists resting in Ukrainian resorts is one of the important factors for the recreational and resort industry of Ukraine receiving recognition on the international market. In particular, the number of foreign citizens choosing sanatoria, resorts, and rehabilitation facilities in Ukraine increased by 35.5% over the period from 2000 to 2005 (See Figure 3).
In general more than 416.3 ths. foreign citizens rest in Ukraine nowadays. It means that every eighth vacationer is a guest of the state. A tourist trip lasts in average more than 13 days.
Resorts in Ukraine are most popular among the states that previously were a part of the Soviet Union. Each year more than 391 ths. foreign tourists come here, including 289.2 ths. vacationers from Russia, 50.2 ths. people from Belarus, and 40.8 ths. people from Moldova, and other countries.
At the same time, it should be noted that the number of tourists from elsewhere that choose Ukraine as a place for rest is growing each year. At present the major number of guests come from Germany (11.9 ths. people), Poland (6.1 ths. people), Israel (1.7 ths. people), the USA (1.1 ths. people), and other states.
Crimean resorts (288.8 ths. of tourists or 70% of the total number of foreign tourists), Odessa region (51.1 ths. people and 13%), Lvov region (30.3 ths. people or 7%), as well as Nikolayev, Zaporozhye, and Kherson regions, and the city of Sevastopol (6,136 tourists or 1%) are in the most demand with foreign tourists.
The expansion of the network and comfort of sanatoria and resort facilities will positively influence the social and economic development of Ukrainian regions. These factors make it possible to augment the number of vacationers, improve the quality of servicing, and accelerate development of resort infrastructure.
The Trans-Carpathian area is one of the richest in natural and medical resources, wonderful forests, gardens, vineyards, splendid picturesque mountains, and mountain valleys. It is rich in curative mineral springs.
Mountain air and mineral waters create the perfect conditions for health-recovery. Here more than 2,000 types of plants grow. On the slopes of mountains mainly beech trees grow, which occupy about 50% of all forests. At a height of 1,400-1,500 m, especially in eastern part of the region, the mountains are covered by coniferous forests: fir-tree and silver fir (25% of forest’s total area). Alpine meadows (mountain valleys) with luxurious grassy vegetation are spread above the area of the forests. The total area covered by forests is 700 ths. ha.
Three hundred sixty sources of various mineral waters have been examined in terms of their composition and medical properties. They include both natural mineral springs and bore-holes, where unsealed mineral water of various chemical compositions are found. Svalyava, Rahov, Hust, Velikobereznyansk, and Tyachev districts are particularly rich in mineral waters.
Some local sources are unique since the quality of their water corresponds with famous types of water such as Essentuki, Borzhomi, and Arzni and is on a par with famous mineral waters from the Czech Republic, Poland, and France. Trans-Carpathian mineral waters provide for a wonderful basis for medical resort treatment.
In the region, more than 20 deposits of sub-thermal, thermal, and high-thermal waters can be found.
Sanatoriums in the Trans-Carpathian region are:
The Ukrainian allergology hospital is unique and the world’s biggest hospital of its type. Medical treatment is conducted inside salt mines and the karst caves of the Solotvin salt-mine. The Kunigunda salt lake is analogous to the well-known Israel Dead Sea and is situated near the hospital
Curative air, filled with the aroma of forests, medicinal mineral water from the springs of the Carpathian mountains, wonderful conditions for residence, experienced doctors, well-equipped medical-procedural consulting rooms, and a culture of service in sanatoriums of the Trans-Carpathians will provide for rest and healthy recoveries, as well as restore patients' cheerfulness and happiness in life.
Truskavets
Truskavets is one of the largest balneological resorts in Ukraine, and is famous for a variety of mineral waters. It is an original and comfortable city-resort, surrounded by dense forests. The town is located in a picturesque vicinity north of the foothills of the Eastern Carpathians. Hills, surrounding the resort, are covered by coniferous and leafy forests. Thanks to this, there are no sharp fluctuations in temperature here.
Various types of underground mineral waters are concentrated near the resort and its environment. They are used for the internal and external application of differentiated medical complexes. Naftusya is the best known among them. This water, in conjunction with other natural medical treatments, such as mineral baths, ozocerite and physiotherapy, treat chronic inflammatory diseases of the kidneys, liver and biliary tracts, metabolic diseases, including pancreatic diabetes, and many others. Truskavets is irreplaceable to patients with kidney-stone illnesses.
There are no industrial enterprises in close proximity to the town, which contaminate the air and natural water.
Description of mineral waters and salts of resort:
Naftusya. Hydro-carbonate, magnesium-calcium, low-mineralized, with high maintenance of organic matters, Naftusya has a unique, pleasant taste and a slight smell of petroleum. It improves the urinary processes, assists with removing sand crystals and fine stones, has anti-inflammatory effects, lowers and counteracts the pathological sedimentation of salt crystals, prevents stone formation, increases the activity of some ductless glands, as well as removes radionuclei from organisms, dross, and under-oxidized products of exchange. It improves the functions of the liver and restores the immune system. The medical effect of Naftusya is conditioned by its cholagogic, anesthetic and disintoxication influence.
Maria and Sofia. Widely used for concomitant diseases of the alimentary canal. Mineral waters Maria and Sofia help to restore the functional and organic state of these organs and systems, which are often damaged during course of basic diseases.
Bronislava. Mineral water from the source ¹3, Bronislava is used for gargling and nasopharynx while receiving medical treatment to the upper airways.
Yuzya. Mineral water containing glycerin, beneficially affecting skin and giving it special elasticity.
Water from other sources are used for external use as baths, irrigation, washing, hydro-massages and inhalation. Except for mineral, carbonic and emerald baths, which have a special effect for concomitant diseases of the cordial-vascular system, pancreatic diabetes and metabolic disturbances. Everyone wishing to restore joints and muscles' functions, visit the mineral water pool and sauna.
Mineral baths assist in the effective medical treatment of osteochondrosis, arthritis, arthrosis, and myositis.
Barbara Salt . Truskavets salt, which is obtained from highly mineralized brine and is a competitor to the famous Karlovy Vary salt. It can be used for duodenal sounding, washing intestines, and as laxative. Natural medical factors of Barbara salt substantially affect protective forces of organs, as well as increase immunity.
Sources of curative mineral waters that spurt from the bowels of earth, scientifically-developed and effective methods of medical treatment, equipment with services and utilities, and the comfort of resorts brought fame to one of best balneological health-resorts in this small Pre-Carpathian town.
Morshyn
In foothills of the Western-Ukrainian Carpathians, not far from the town of Stryi, is where one of most picturesque resorts in Ukraine is located. Morshyn is located 340 m above sea level in a picturesque valley, surrounded by pine and leafy forests. The resort’s territory is crossed by the river Bereznitsa, which divides it into two parts – the mountain, covered by dense forests, and the flat, forest-park, where the sanatorium-resort establishments are located. The climate is soft, with an average air temperature in the summer of +20°C, and in winter -4°C.
Unique resort mineral water springs are wonderful and effective means for medical treatment of alimentary canal diseases. Clearing these organs, destroying radionuclei, normalization of the acid-formation in the stomach, the rise of general immune status can take place thanks to the bile-expelling, diuretic and purgative effect of mineral water.
Basic medical characteristics of Morshyn are unique in chemical composition and concentration chloride-sulfate, sodium-magnesium-potassium, and chloride-sodium mineral water, and also peat mud and fossil wax - ozocerite.
Myrgorod
Mineral water, which spouts from the earth’s surface from is major treasure of the Myrgorod resort. This water has a pleasant taste and always has an identical temperature of 20°C. By its composition it is closer to water, which is made the German resorts Baden-Baden and Aahen, which are famous throughout the world.
Today Myrgorod is one of best known resorts in Ukraine, located in Poltava region. All sanatoriums on the resort constitute the whole. They have common water- and therapeutic baths; a physiotherapeutic hospital; clinical, biochemical and sanitary-bacteriological laboratories, and medical consultation rooms. Sanatoriums specialize in the medical treatment of organs from digestive diseases and metabolic disturbances (pancreatic diabetes). All local health-resorts work all year round.
Khmelnik
Khmelnik is a balneological resort of national importance, a real pearl of Podol. It is located in north-west Vinnitsa region, 67 kilometers from Vinnitsa. Large massifs of leafy-coniferous forests (pine-trees, fir-tree, birches, hornbeams, oaks and other plants) surround the town. Sanatoriums Khmelnik, Podolye, and the Birch gay sanatorium-rehabilitation center of mother and child are built and function in the forest.
Except for sources of radon mineral water, rich Viytivetskoe deposits of curative peat mud was prospected 7 km from Khmelnik. Successful combinations of medical components, favorable climatic conditions and comfortable communications contributed to the transformation of Khmelnik into the capital of radon therapy in Ukraine. Today eight medical-prophylactic health-resorts are based here.
The Odessa resort region is one of the eldest and most popular in Ukraine. Located on the Black Sea coast, it has numerous beaches, vast parks, hotels, sanatoriums, and health resorts.
A successful combination of the marine and steppe climate, plenty of sunny days, the warm Black Sea washing its seashore, salt reservoir-estuaries with healthy high quality muds, and plenty of vegetables, fruits and grapes attract more and more tourists. Here, holidaymakers can combine treatment and beach rest with interesting cultural and active entertainment programs. The resort has considerable supplies of medical silt mud from Kuyalnik, Khadzhybey estuaries, and Tuzla salt lakes, and also mineral waters of various physical and chemical composition.
Kuyalnyk is one of the oldest mud resorts in Ukraine, located 13 km from the center of Odessa at the base of the Zhevagova mountain on the right bank of the Kuyalnyk estuary. Kuyalnyk mud’s medical properties are acknowledged as standard. They contain complex biologically-active matter, macro- and microelements, and assist in decreasing inflammatory processes, stimulate protective and adaptive reactions, as well as restore functions of damaged organs and systems of organs. Brine from the Kuyalnyk estuary, containing a lot of various dissolved minerals has special medical value. Kuyalnyk mineral water is used with success in internal application for treatment of patients with alimentary canal diseases.
Lermontov resort is located not far from the center of Odessa. The resort is situated on a plateau towering 70 m above sea level. Large green massif on plateau and plantings on marine slopes of this district, stretching for many kilometers, boundless blue seas, as well as velvet beaches create climatic conditions for the treatment of patients with cordial-vascular diseases and functional disorders of the nervous system.
The Arkadiya Resort is one of largest resort areas in Odessa. It is adjacent to the administrative center of the city and stretches southward along an offshore bar to the sea. The Botanic Garden of Odessa State University and central park – one of the biggest and most beautiful parks to the city-hero Odessa are located here, along with parks of health-resorts and a park area on the marine slopes of the resort area.
Its proximity to the city, comfortable beaches, numerous green patches, favorable climate, and comfortable transportation deservedly won a reputation for Arkadiya as a favorite place for rest of not only strangers, but also Odessa inhabitants. Today sanatoria Seashore, Friendship, Russia, and Ukraine in Arkadiya treat patients with neurological and cardiology problems; while the sanatorium of Ì. Å. Chuvyrin is designed for the treatment of teenagers.
Large Fountain is one of the largest and most popular seashore resort districts in Odessa. The microclimate of the resort is favorable for the treatment of diseases of respiratory organs, nervous system, and heart. Well-equipped city beaches are located near Large Fountain.
Among medical resort resources, local mineral water Odessa ¹1 and ¹2 are very effective, moreover, water from the source ¹1 approaches the quality of Truskavets mineral water Naftusya, in its mineralization, and is used for diseases of the liver, biliary tracts and ulcerous illness. Mineral water ¹2 is similar to Myrgorod water and is recommended for chronic gastritises with lowered acidity.
Karolyno-Bugaz Resort - Zatoka is the largest general-medical climatic resort, located 60 kilometers south of Odessa on an enormous sandy spit. The length of spit is about 8 kilometers, width – from 70 to 700 meters. Karolyno-Bugaz coasts’ from one side are washed by the water of the Black Sea, from another – by freshwater of the Dnestr estuary. Over one hundred resort hotels and rest facilities function in Zatoka.
The resort is characterized by a stable climate, intensive sun radiation, clean marine air with considerable maintenance of ozone, and marine salts.
The Azov Sea coast has always been a favorite resort for an enormous number of people and had a reputation as an accessible area for valuable family rest.
Shallow, warm, and rich in biological substances, the Azov Sea fascinates through its unique beauty and enormous appeal.
Azov Sea water contains plenty (92) of chemical elements, which easily penetrate through the surface of skin during bathing. They give our organs matters, which they requires. Stable and moderate sun radiation, a characteristic of the Pre-Azov region, allows for regular sun-baths. Gold beaches of the Azov Sea coast are a wonderful place for taking sandy baths. The air of the Pre-Azov region, which is saturated by various healthy elements – calcium, iodine, bromine from the sea and filled with aromas of herbs from the steppe is incomparable.
These healthy factors of the Azov Sea perfectly train neuro-endocrine, cordial-vascular and respiratory systems, beneficially affect thermoregulation and exchange processes, and improve the vital tone of organs.
Berdyansk, by right, is called a pearl of the northern Pre-Azov region. It is a climatic, balneological, and mud resort.
Berdyansk spit is a unique creation of nature, which is more than 23 km. Forty facilities for rest and resort hotels, as well as 17 children’s health camps and sporting establishments are located on the spit. More than 80 thousand people can restore their health here during the resort season (June-August).
Basic medical properties of the resort, along with the climate, include mud and mineral water. Organic and inorganic matter, enzymes, vitamins, hormones, and biological stimulators all contribute. The most significant effect of the mud-treatment is to influence local inflammatory processes. Mud-treatment assists in resolving pathological nodes, improving tissues, and blood circulation.
Prepared based on underground mineral water, Berdyanskaya, a low-alkali chloride-sodium mineral water with mineralization 4-6 g/l, by its chemical composition is analogous to such known curative waters as Myrgorodskaya or Kuyalnytskaya, and is used for drinking treatments. Berdyanskaya water stimulates secretor vehicles of the digestive canal, strengthens the tone and activity of the alimentary canal, improves education and secreting of bile, and has anti-inflammable action.
Berdyansk is located in the area of ultraviolet comfort (here the year has by 400 sun hours more than in Sochi). The sea here is 3-5 degrees warmer, compared to the Black Sea coast, and air is one and a half times richer in oxygen, than famous resorts in Crimea.
A unique feature of Berdyansk, compared to other Azov cities, is that it has an unusual geographical position. The town has a lower and upper part. The lower part used to be the sea-bottom, while the upper was the native seashore almost 25 ths. years ago! The sea gradually moved back, leaving even ground, on which the town and estuaries with medical mud are now located.
Primorsk, the district center of Zaporozhye region, is located on both banks of the steppe river Obytochnaya, and flows into the Azov Sea. The resort is famous for its wonderful sandy beaches, picturesque gardens and vineyards, curative mud, and healthy steppe air.
The temperature of sea water near the shores of Primorsk and Berdyansk is higher, than near the Black Sea coast in Crimea and the Caucasus. Already in May, water is warmed up to 26, and in June to 30 degrees above zero. This is by 3-5 degrees more than in Yalta.
The town has conditions not only for enjoying the sun and sea, but also for becoming acquainted with unique places of the southern steppes of Ukraine, where ancient Scythians lived, as well as to see local museums and attractions.
The Kirillovka resort rest area, is a climatic and balneo-mud seashore resort in Ukraine (south of Zaporozhye region), located on the coast of the Azov Sea, Utlyukskiy and Milk estuaries. In 1999 the Kirillovka resort rest area was recognized at a national level. Holidaymakers have at their disposal more than 200 rest facilities, located both on spits and in Kirillovka itself.
Remedies: silt mud of the Utlyukskiy and Milk estuaries, and also sulfur-hydrogen sodium springs, water which is used for baths, the treatment of patients with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, gynecological, and problems with the peripheral nervous system.
Urzuf is located on the shore of the Azov Sea, 43 km from Mariupol, in a ecologically clean rest area. This resort is one of the best on the seashore. Beaches are equipped with shadow covers. Urzuf has the cleanest, golden sandy beach, and a wonderful sea. All rest facilities and resort hotels are located in close proximity to the sea – from 20 to 150 meters. A considerable part of an off-shore bar is home to children's health camps, where about 10 ths. of people rest annually.
Belosarayskaya Spit is a resort settlement on the shore of the Azov Sea 40 km from the Mariupol railway station . An alluvial spit on the northern shore of the Azov Sea cuts into the sea by 14 km. The Belosarayskaya spit is an island for Mediterranean fauna and flora. The Spit, since long ago, has been a place for many birds. Here an ornithological reserve is situated, where gulls, wild ducks, stints, geese, and swans nest. One of lake’s names is Swan. Saline lands, small lakes, and estuaries can be found here. The Belosarayskaya spit, a landscape reserve, was founded in 1995 with the purpose of saving of unique swamp land ecosystems, and where a lot of wild animals and birds are found.
In combination with wonderful beaches, this makes the Belosarayskaya spit a perfect resting-place, and off-shore water, rich in fish, allow amateur fishermen to supplement a variety of active rest.
Kiev region is located in the central part of Ukraine evenly on the right and left bank of the Dnepr. The climate is moderate, with soft winters and warm summers. The region has several climatic resorts (Pushcha-Vodica, Vorzel, Irpen, and Koncha-Zaspa). Soft climate, clean air, saturated by oxygen and the smell of pine, protection from wind, relatively even daytime distribution of temperature, as well as the influence of the Dnepr assist in climate-treatment.
The Pushcha-Vodica Resort is a climatic resort close to Kiev. Numerous springs and small lakes exist in Pushcha-Vodica, located in the shade of mighty oaks, majestic pine-trees, and slender birches. Here rest is wonderful both in winter and in summer – sanatoriums, rest-facilities and children's health camps function through the year.
Vorzel resort is part of an enormous forest massif in Kiev region, it is called Ukrainian Kislovodsk where a pump of Naftusya mineral water is located. Diseases of the cordial-vascular system and functional nervous diseases can be treated in Vorzel.
Belaya Tserkov is a climatic and balneological resort in the center of Ukraine, to the south-west of Kiev region with curative radon water, which is used in sanatorium treatment. It is located on the banks of the river Ros. The main attraction in Belaya Tserkov is the Alexandria dendro-park with exotic vegetation more than 200 years old.
Boyarka is a small town in Kiev region, surrounded from all sides by forest; it has been known since ancient times as a climatic resort with curative air. Numerous sanatoriums and health-resorts are located here.
Kharkov region is situated on the watershed of the rivers Don and Dnepr, in the steppe and forest-steppe areas.
Known resorts in Kharkov region, Berezovskye mineral water and Ray-Elenovka are situated among strong-smelling pine-trees and shady oak forests, multicolored hay meadows, picturesque banks and warmed by sunny. comfortable beaches of quiet rivers, and transparent forest lakes.
The most beautiful places in Kharkov region are the banks of the Pechenezhskoe and Krasnooskolskoe reservoirs, where real camping takes place in the summer. The banks of the reservoirs are home to many yacht-clubs.
Sharovskiy park, a monument of landscape-gardening from the XIX century, is located in the north-western part of Kharkov region, twenty kilometers from the town Bogodukhov. The park stretches out on the slopes adjoining the Merchik river-bed, and occupies about 40 ha. The castle-palace, located on a high hill, is the center of the park. Part of the park, next to it, is arranged in a regular fashion – strict avenues, flowerbeds with geometrical formations, ground, and strait paths. Furthermore, landscaping compositions have been started, and have been transformed into a natural forest.
The southern slope is occupied mainly by coniferous breeds, while on the northern slope the remains of a virgin oak forest are preserved. The age of the mighty oak-giants is from 150 to 300 years. Exotic plants are settled peacefully in the park, among trees-aborigines: Virginia juniper, magonia, and the velvet of Amur. Since 1925 the Sharovskiy sanatorium operated on the former country estate of the landlord and is one of the best specialized health-resorts in Ukraine.
The Resort Berezovskye mineral water is located 25 km from Kharkov. Basic medical characteristics of the resort are low-mineralized hydro-carbonated calcium-sodium mineral water, containing silica acid and organic matter. Berezovskaya mineral water is effective for treating diseases of the alimentary canal, liver, and metabolism.
Rest in Donetsk region, a picturesque valley of Severskiy Donets with keen hunting and fishing, mountains, chalky caves and ancient coniferous forests, create unique conditions for rest in Svyatogorsk; as well as salt water and mud from lakes, with unique curative properties in Slavyansk.
The region has mineral waters springs of chloride-sodium composition of different mineralizatiosn (from 2 g/l to strong brine), and silt curative mud, lying both in lakes (Repnoe, Slepnoe in Slavyansk) and the bays of the Azov Sea.
Svyatogorsk is a famous resort in Donetsk region, which stretches out on the picturesque bank of Severskiy Donets. Svyatogorsk is famous for its wonderful nature and a unique monument of history and culture – the Svyatogorsk (Holy Mountains) spelaean monastery, now called Svyatogorsk Svyato-Uspenskaya Lavra.
Sanatoriums, numerous rest facilities, resort hotels, tourist centers, and children's health centers work in Svyatogorsk. White mountains protect this place from the wind, and pine-wood saturate the air with curative the aroma of pine-needles. Rest in Svyatogorsk creates marvelous possibilities to plunge into the world of antiquity and spirituality without forgetting about the benefits to the health.
Slavyansk town was founded more than 300 years ago on an area between Severskiy Donets and Kazeny Torets. The history of Slavyansk is closely tied to the history of local salt-production.
A resort of national importance is located in Slavyansk. The Slavyansk resort is one of the oldest balneo-mud resorts in Ukraine, where natural medical properties used for treatment and rehabilitation: a climate of mixed forests, sulfide silt mud, brine, and mineral water, including unique ferrous-containing ones for treatment of anemia.
Koblevo Resort is located on the Black Sea coast in Nikolaev region and is comprised of about 60 resort hotels and rest facilities. It stretches along sea and is able to simultaneously host 15-17 ths. tourists.
The harmonious combination of affectionate sun, sea, the aroma of steppe herbages, and the presence of ancient pines are unique to the Koblevo resort.
Various possibilities for rest and entertainment, and excursion routes to Odessa, Kishinev, Nikolaev, Kherson, Olvia, and Askaniya Nova are also offered.
Its nature is rich and plentiful. The area of the peninsula is about 27 ths. of sq. km. It is washed by the Black and Azov Seas, which are connected with each other by the Kerch channel. Almost 2/3 of the peninsula is steppe lands. Mountains tower over the south of the peninsula. They stretch out in three parallel ridges from southwest to northeast by 180 km, from Sevastopol to Feodosiya. Along the Main (South) Ridge lies a narrow 2-3 km strip of the Southern Coast of Crimea, which, is the most popular in the peninsula.
Crimea today is represented by the health-resorts Large Yalta and Large Alushta, Evpatoriya and Saki, Feodosiya and Sudak. These are 569 various sanatorium-resort establishments: sanatoriums, resort hotels, houses and rest facilities, children's health camps, and more.
Mountain forests saves springs and protect soil from mountain torrents, as well as serve as original filters and enrich the atmosphere, enormous reservoirs are clean, saturated by fitoncides, and air. In fact they forms a special curative climate.
More than 120 sources of mineral water of various chemical compositions are known on the Crimean peninsula: from hydro-carbonated-sodium to chloride-sulphide. Water at the resorts are used for the treatment of stomach, kidneys, metabolism, gynecological diseases, radiculitis, neuritis, and also for the treatment of rheumatism, as well as joint illnesses. Crimea has over 50 estuary lakes rich in deposits of medicinal, silt, and knoll mud. Mud-treatment is very effective. Medicinal mud contains inorganic matter, organic acids, salts, microelements, antibiotics, hormones and many other components.
All of this renders strong medical effects during the treatment of illnesses of joints, bones, gynecological, and skin diseases. Brine-water from the salt lakes, containing very high concentrations of various salts (8-10 times more than marine water), also possesses remarkable medical properties. Crimea is a land of health.
The Crimean peninsula is created, as if by nature, for treatment and rest. It possesses the unique nature of a peninsula, a rich history tracing its roots back to ancient times, and numerous cultural monuments of its people who are long ago gone and still live.
History saved palaces in Bakhchysaray, Livadiya, Vorontsovskiy, and other architectural complexes of rare beauty, blending with natural landscapes .
Large resorts, which differ by the variety of natural medical resources, are located here. Three basic resort districts: the Southern Coast of Crimea, the Western Coast, and the Southeastern Coast can be distinguished in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.
Alupka
Alupka is a small resort town, a popular place for rest and treatment in Crimea, located 17 km west of Yalta. Alupka is reliably protected from northern winds by the giant wall of the Ay-Petri plateau. Air humidity does not exceed 70%, and the number of sunny days in a year approaches 246. The famous palace-park complex is a major destination for excursions.
Alupka has 14 sanatoriums. Severest ailments have been cured here in the last two hundred years – bone tuberculosis and lung illnesses.
Alushta
Alushta is one of the most studied corners of Southern Coast of Crimea. The climate in Alushta is just excellent. The town is closed by a ring of mountains from cold winds, and the temperature even in winter does not go below zero. The average air temperature in Alushta in summer is +22°C, and in the water +20°C. Nature created excellent conditions for air circulation in Alushta, with channels in the mountain passes of Chatyr-Dag. Low humidity, warm air and 2,259 hours in a year of sunlight make Alushta one of the most attractive climatic resorts.
Alushta is famous for recreational rest. Diseases of respiratory tracts, as well as nervous and cordial-vascular systems are treated successfully in conditions of natural inhalation. Air in Alushta in summer and early autumn is dry, constantly circulated and revived. Breezes in the day-time bring curative air, saturated by fine particles of salt from the sea, and at sunset - cool clean air from the mountain forests. It is difficult to wish for any better aero-therapy.
Many historical monuments are located around Alushta. These are the Alushta Stonehenge and pagan temple, Ay-Andriy and Partenyt market place, which saved not the memory, but material evidences about the apostle Andrew the First and Saint John, the bishop of Goth. Demerdzhy mountain and its Valley of Ghosts is a unique place in Crimea, where real ghosts can be observed. This is a natural reserve, which has kept a piece of primordial life in the heart of the Crimean mountains.
Gurzuf is a large resort settlement on the shores of the Black Sea.
The average annual air temperature here is +13.4°C and approaches the average annual temperature of Nice. Precipitations fall considerably less than in the south of France. Dry sunny weather is typical.
Natural and cultural life is represented by the remains of a Genoese fortress from the ÕI-XV centuries and an imposing tunnel in rock, breached in the Middle Ages for supervision of the sea. Gurzuf is surrounded by vineyards on which Massandra muscats ripen. The famous camp Artek is located on the territory of Gurzuf.
Evpatoriya is a town-resort in the west of the Crimean peninsula, on the shore of the Kalamytskiy bay, a small but marvelous curative land. Sun and sea, air and sand, brine and mud from the salt lake, and water of thermal mineral springs are located here.
The Evpatoriya district looks like a triangle cutting into the sea by the Tarkhankut cape. Stretched out by a 14-kilometer strip around the Kalamytskiy bay with a gently sloping bottom, this resort is considered to be one of the best in Crimea. The sun shines almost year round, from 240 to 280 days a year.
The average summer temperature is +23.8°C, and shallow water in the sea can warm up to +30°C. Gently sloping shores, shallow depths of the sea, and warm water make this resort attractive for children, and so it has rightly been called, since ancient times, a resort for children.
Evpatoriya is also famous for its curative mud and brine of the Moynakskoe lake. Under influence of the sun, water in lake evaporates and produces concentrated salt solutions of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and other components. Eupatorium brine renders effects to muscles, bones, joints, and the peripheral nervous system. It possesses wonderful restorative properties and assists in pain relief.
Evpatoriya is one of most ancient cities in Crimea. Since the VI century, Evpatoriya accumulated archaeological monuments from different peoples, which owned this town.
Koktebel
The name Koktebel means “country of blue tops.” The Koktebel settlement is situated on the eastern part of Crimea, between Sudak and Feodosiya, on the coast of the wide Koktebel bay, near the extinct volcano Kara-Dag.
Here, a special microclimate exists: formed under the influence of the warm sea, low mountains and a close steppe. It conditions presence of transparent air, filled with aroma of wormwood and refreshed by light breezes. This resort is especially popular among writers, poets, artists, scientists, and students.
Saki
On the Western Coast of Crimea, four kilometers from the Black Sea, town Saki is located, the oldest balneo-mud resort in the country. Local inhabitants, even before our time knew of the healthy properties of Saki mud. Mineral springs with thermal hydro-carbonated water with a temperature of +45°Ñ are located seven kilometers from the town. This water is used for the treatment of the alimentary canal and metabolism. Mineral water is taken from a common resort pump.
Sudak
The pearl of Sudak is a Genoese fortress, very large, unusually romantic and in good condition. Sudak was a golden middle point on the Great Silk Way and the largest northern colony of the Italian merchant republic Genoa. The climate of Sudak is close to Mediterranean - soft, without sharp alterations in temperature. A valley, 13 km long, is protected from the north by several mountain ridges . A two-kilometer beach is located right under the fortress, formed in the surf strip by gray fine gravel, and higher by excellent slate sand of a dark-gray color, which is much quicker and stronger when warmed up in sunshine than yellow coquina. The swimming season in Sudak lasts for 138 days (from the beginning of June and till the middle of October). Breezes help people to survive the summer heat rather easily. In the afternoon, during the breeze from the sea from evening till morning, the fragrant aroma of the forest can be smelled. It makes the climate of Sudak unique.
Feodosiya
Feodosiya is a rather solitary resort, but connected long ago with the outside world. It has practically everything for successful treatment: healthy mud, mineral water, an affectionate sea, golden sand, a dry and hot climate, as well as rich experiences of physicians and modern techniques. Here diseases of the alimentary canal, nervous system, blood circulation, chronic illnesses of the kidneys, biliary tracts, and pancreatic diabetes are treated.
Remarkable conditions for auto-tourism and healthy rest exist on the enormous Golden beach east of the town. Here there are many rest facilities, camp grounds, private hotels, and dachas.
Yalta
Yalta is the most popular among Crimean resorts. It is right by the capital of the Southern Coast of Crimea. Yalta is located in a vast sea amphitheatre, between the capes Ay-Todor in the west and Montedor in east. From north-west and north Yalta is enclosed by a 1,400-meter high mountain range, protecting it from the cold.
The climate is soft, Mediterranean with an average annual air temperature of +13°C. Autumn is warm and long; winter is short and soft. Relative humidity of the air is considerably lower than in other resort districts of Ukraine and resorts in the Caucasus.
Yalta is a sunny city. Sun shines on average 2,250 hours a year, approximately the same as in Nice, Cannes, San-Remo, and other Mediterranean resorts, and more than in Sochi or Kislovodsk. The swimming season opens in the beginning of June and lasts till October.
Environmental conditions form a unique climate here. The combination of subtropical vegetation in proximity to the sea and protection of the coast by Crimean mountain ridges create steady weather conditions, in which organs adapt easily and quickly. Favorable climatic conditions, and ionized, saturated by oxygen and fitoncides, assist in the successful treatment of patients with unknown chronic diseases of the lungs, bronchial asthma, hypertension, ischemic heart trouble, cerebral atherosclerosis, illnesses of the kidneys, and neurological diseases. Treatment by the climatic factors of the South Coast of Crimea is also known for the untraditional methods widely used on the resorts: reflexo-acupuncture, phyto-therapy, manual therapy, speleo-therapy, respiratory gymnastics, and clymatotron.